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Aug. 13, 1963 F. KUMMEL IMPACT TYPE ROCK BREAKER 2 Sheets-Sheet J.

Filed Dec. 9, 1960 Aug. 13, 1963 F. KUMMEL 3,100,630

IMPACT TYPE ROCK BREAKER Filed Dec. 9, 1960 Y 2 Sheeis-Sheet 2 United States Patent 3,100,630 IMPACT TYPE ROCK BREAKER Fritz Kiimmel, Esslingen, Germany, assignor to Delmag-Maschinenfabrik Reinhold Dornfeld, Esslingen (N eckar), Germany Filed Dec. 9, 1960, Ser. No. 74,870 Claims priority, application Germany Dec. 24, 1959 3 Claims. (Cl. 262-45) The present invention relates to a breaker and, more specifically, concerns a rock breaker which operates in suspended condition and comprises an impact device and a chisel.

With heretofore known rock breakers of the general type outlined above, the impact device is suspended and operates at high impact speed but with a relatively low impact energy. The chisel is guided in the impact device itself. It is for this reason that in most instances only relatively short chisels may be employed. However, when the rock has to be broken at a greater water depth, the impact device operates for the most time under water. This causes considerable complications. Inasmuch as a special guide for the chisel is lacking, it is difiicult to set the same precisely at the desired impact point. This in turn frequently results in an insufiicien-t effect of the chiseling operation.

It is, therefore, an object of the present invention to provide a rock breaker or impact device which will overcome the above mentioned drawbacks.

It is another object of this invention to provide a. rock breaker or impact device which will permit a proper guiding of the chisel to thereby assure that the chisel will attack the rock to be broken at the desired point.

It is a further object of this invention to provide a rock breaker or impact device in which after the rock has been broken, the chisel will be relieved from any undue forces, especially bending moments.

These and other objects and advantages of the invention will appear more clearly from the following specification in connection with the accompanying drawings, in which:

FIG. 1 illustrates a rock breaker according to the present invention, which is suspended on a boom supported by a float.

FIG. 1a is a sectional view taken on line 1a-1a of FIG. 1.

FIG. 2 is a front view of FIG. 1 :as seen in the direction of the arrow A.

FIG. 3 is a section through the lower bearing means for the chisel, said section being taken along the line III-III of FIG. 2.

FIG. 4 illustrates a section similar to that of FIG. 3 but through a modified bearing arrangement.

FIG. 5 illustrates in section still another modification of the lower bearing arrangement for the chisel.

FIGS. 6 to 8 represent sections similar to those of FIGS. 3 to 5, however, with the difference that the hearing is a split bearing one portion of which is hinged to a stationary portion sothat it may selectively be opened.

The above mentioned objects have been realized by the impact device according to the present invention which is characterized in that the impact device is designed as ram and together with the chisel is guided by a guiding frame common thereto while said chisel is guided separately from said ram. While such impact devices according to this design cannot work under water, this is of no importance when a correspondingly long chisel is employed and guided accordingly. In this instance also a rock breaker under water even at great water depth is possible.

By guiding the rain and the chisel in a common guiding frame, the advantage is obtained that with a sufiicient length of the guiding frame, the ram can work above the water surface while the chisel, which is suficiently long in conformity with the water depth, nevertheless will be so guided that due to the double guiding of the chisel in the guiding frame, the heavy blows of the ram will cause no harmful reaction upon the ram itself.

In connection with this arrangement it is advantageous to provide the common guiding frame for separate guiding paths for said ram and said chisel respectively.

The chisel may be guided in a dual way and may be made correspondingly long. By suspending the guiding frame on correspondingly designed suspension means known per se, it will be possible also with the arrangement according to the invention, very precisely to guide the entire guiding frame and thereby also the chisel.

A further advantage of the common guiding frame consists in that, when breaking the rock by laterally tilting the entire chisel, the bending moments will be absorbed by the guiding frame. In this Way, the chisel will be relieved, and the impact device will be kept free from these forces.

Referring now to the drawings detail, the arrangement shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 comprises a pontoon-like ship 10 having mounted thereon rails 11 for a carriage 12 of a movable crane structure 13. This crane structure 13 is equipped with a boom 14 having a rock breaking device suspended thereon in the following manner. A

cable 16 adapted to be wound on and off from a winch 15 is guided over rollers 17 and 18 to a free roller 19 at the upper end of the guiding frame -20 of the rock breaker. From here the cable 16 passes to transversely arranged free rollers 21, 22 .(see FIG. 2) at the end of the boom 14 from where the cable is passed to a second roller 23 at the end of the guiding frame 20. The cable then passes over roller 23 to a fixed suspension point 24 at the end of the boom 14. As will furthermore be evident from the drawings, the cable 26 pertaining to a winch 25 is guided over a roller 27 at the end of boom 14 and a roller 28 on a starting device 29 guided on frame 20, to a fixed suspension point and serves merely for adjusting said starting device as to height for starting the internal combustion operated ram. Inasmuch as said starting device does not form a part of the present invention, no further details thereof appear to be necessary.

The guiding frame 20 comprises substantially two guiding tubes 30 and an additional stiffening tube 3-1. The said three tubes 30 and 31 are fixedly interconnected by an upper transverse member 32 and a lower transverse member 33 and together form the guiding frame. Between the said two transverse members 32 and 33 there are arranged two guiding bars 34 for guiding the above mentioned starting device 29 and above all the ram 35. The device 29 and ram 35 have portions slidably engaging bars 34, and the said bars are spaced from but parallel to tubes 30, as will be seen in FIG. La.

For purposes of guiding the chisel 36, the guiding tubes 30 have a lower extension thereof provided with a trans verse member composed of two plates or arms '37. In addition thereto, the upper end of chisel 36 is guided by an impact hood 38 placed over the upper end of chisel 36 and mounted on the guiding tubes 30 which are partially embraced by said impact hood. The ram 35 is located on the said impact hood 38.

The design of the chisel guide on the transverse member formed by plates 37 is shown in diiferent modifications in FIGS. 3 to '8. These figures show the lower one of the plates 37 the end portions of which have mounted therein the guiding tubes 30. According to the embodiment of FIG. 3, the chisel is guided by a metal 3 guiding bushing 39 'which is fixedly mounted in a corresponding bore 37a.

According to the embodiment of FIG. 4, the fixed metallic bushing 39 of FIG. 3 is replaced by a transversely elastic bushing '40, which may be composed for instance of two bushings with elastic material interposed there. between.

According to the embodiment of FIG. 5, a separate metallic guiding bushing 41 is connected or welded to the edges of plates 37 through the intervention of a rubber elastic intermediate member 42 provided with metallic end plates.

The last mentioned arrangement of a guiding bushing at the edges of the plates 37 may be modified in contormity With FIGS. 6 to 8 in such a way that this bushing is designed as hingedike bearing box. According to the embodiment of FIG. '6, the guiding bushing is made up of the two bearing box sections 43 and 44. According to the embodiment of FIG. 7, these sections 43 and 44 also comprise a radially yieldable inner bushing 45 similar to said bushing 40. Finally, according to the embodiment of FIG. 8, the bearing box section 43 is connected to plates 37 by means of an elastic intermediate member 42 according to FIG. 5,".

When employing the above mentioned elastic guiding bushing and elastic intermediate members, the elastic material may consist of rubber or rubber material or also of wood, special springs, or any other yieldable material. Such elastic material must, however, have suflicient elasticity in order to be'able to absorb or at least cushion the recoil or vibrations occurring during the lateral stress of the chisel, before said recoil or vibrations are conveyed through transverse members 37 to the guiding frame 20.

It is, of course, to be understood that the present invention is, by no means, limited to the particular construction shown in the drawings but also comprises any modifications within the scope of the appended claims.

What I claim is:

1. In a rock breaker: a frame, rock breaking chisel means reciprocably supported by said frame, ram means and second guiding means supported by said frame but separate from said first guiding means for guiding said ram means independently of said chisel means.

2. In a rock breaker: frame means including transverse arm means, rock breaking chisel means reciprocably supported by said frame means, ram means likewise supported by said, frame means and operable to exert an impact upon said chisel means, first guiding means for guiding said ram means, second guiding means independent of said first guiding means for guiding said chisel means, and laterally resilient means connecting said second guiding means to said transverse arm means.

3. In a rock breaker: a frame, rock breaking chisel means reciprocably sup-ported by said frame, ram means likewise supported by said .frame and operable to exert an, impact upon said chisel means, first guiding means mounted upon said frame for guiding said chisel means, second guiding mean-s supported by said frame but separate from said first guiding means for guiding said ram means independently of said chisel means, said first guiding means including bearing means embracing said chisel means and comprising portions hingedly interconnected to permit opening of the said bearing means cfor lateral insertion and removal of said chisel means, and laterally resilient means interposed between said frame and said first guiding means.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 736,452 Simonson Aug. 18, r1903 1,644,110 Cover et al Oct. 4, 1927 1,945,322 Lafayette Jan. 30, 1934. 2,465,192. Booth Mar. 22, 1949 

1. IN A ROCK BREAKER: A FRAME, ROCK BRAKING CHISEL MEANS RECIPROCABLY SUPPORTED BY SAID FRAME, RAM MEANS LIKEWISE SUPPORTED BY SAID FRAME AND OPERABLE TO EXERT AN IMPACT UPON SAID CHISEL MEANS, FIRST GUIDING MEANS MOUNTED ON SAID FRAME FOR GUIDING SAID CHISEL MEANS, SAID GUIDING MEANS INCLUDING A BUSHING GUIDINGLY SURROUNDING A PORTION OF SAID CHISEL MEANS, AND LATERALLY RESILIENT MEANS INTERPOSED BETWEEN SAID BUSHING AND THE ADJACENT PORTION OF SAID FRAME AND RESILIENT IN A DIRECTION TRANSVERSE TO THE LONGITUDINAL AXIS OF SAID BUSHING, AND SECOND GUIDING MEANS SUPPORTED BY SAID FRAME BUT SEPARATE FROM SAID FIRST GUIDING MEANS FOR GUIDING SAID RAM MEANS INDEPENDENTLY OF SAID CHISEL MEANS. 